The main methods employed for speed control of induction motors are as follows. An optimally designed sixphase induction motor 6pim is compared with an initial design induction motor having the same ratings. Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. Design and manufacturing of a singlephase induction motor. As this is a grundfos publication, it is only natural that we should pay special attention to motors used for pumps although much of the information contained within these pages. The speed of rotation of an induction motor is fairly constant, but it does vary somewhat with loading. The handbook contains a wide array of topics and each topic is written by an authority on the subject. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. The stator magnetic field of this 4pole motor is actually ro. Temperature swings should be minimal to guard against. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles.
Such an induction motor with integrated brake is shown on figure 1. Department of energy doe office of energy efficiency and renewable energy eere with support from the copper. Single phase magnetic induction motor with exposed rotor and coil after all, motors are always designed to carry out specific tasks. Cover openings for ventilation, conduit connections, prevent entry of rodents, snakes, birds, and insects, etc. These drives are also particularly suited to applications that must operate at very high speeds with a high level of field weakening, for example spindle motors. The singlephase ac induction motor best fits this description. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Premium efficiency motor selection and application guide i acknowledgments the premium efficiency motor selection and application guide and its companion publication, continuous energy improvement in motordriven systems, have been developed by the u. The induction motor is discussed in detail in this unit. For instance, a 100 horsepower, threephase motor operating with voltages of 598, 575 and 552 applied at the motor terminals is running with a 4% voltage unbalance 100 x 23575. It has been more than a century since the principle of the operation of induction motors was discovered. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm.
The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Pdf induction motor design process and the effect of. The rotor core helps conducting the magnetic field from the stator to the rotor windings. The alternating current ac induction motor is one of the most rugged and most widely used machines in industry. When the motor is connected to a singlephase power supply, the main winding carries an alternating current.
For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a. Features presents a thorough modeling and analysis of induction machine losses with sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal power electronics. They are usually cheaper than other singlephase motor types used by industries, but also have some limitations in terms of. Motor guide february 2014 low voltage motors motor guide. Picking up where the first edition left off, this book taps into the authors considerable field experience. The induction machines design handbook crc press book. The singlephase induction motor is not selfstarting. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque. Offering readytouse tables, diagrams, graphs, and simplified formulas for ataglance guidance in induction heating system design, this book contains numerous photographs, magnetic field plots, temperature profiles, case studies, handson guidelines, and practical recommendations to navigate through various system designs and avoid surprises in installation, operation, and maintenance.
Reduced speed is provided down to about 50%, rated speed, but efficiency is low. If gestational diabetes is the only abnormality, induction of labour. Get familiar with all the different common motor types from induction machines, stepper motors to bldc and switched reluctance motors. As a voltage and a current is applied to the stator winding terminals. The treatment throughout the handbook is practical with very little emphasis on theory. The design features of an induction motor are classified as constructional wise and performance wise and the results are combined. So obviously the speed of an induction motor can be controlled by varying any of three factors namely supply frequency f, number of pole p or slip s.
It is a maintenancefree, less noisy and efficient motor. The rotor turns at 1 725 rmin when operating at full load. The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound. Consequently, the rated output of 100 horsepower should be derated to approximately 82 hp to reduce the possibility of damage to the motor. The most popular type is the 3phase, squirrelcage ac induction motor. Some sections may explain explicitly between the three configurations. A stator winding is placed in the stator of induction motor and the three phase supply is given to it. Induction motor drives with closedloop control are used in similar applications to d. Several additional components are necessary to operate the singlephase motor. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. The induction machine handbook pdf free download epdf.
A 480v, 60 hz, 6pole, threephase, deltaconnected induction motor has the following parameters. The speed of an induction motor is given as n 120fp 1s. The genetic algorithm ga method is used for optimization and. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. So the demand and requirement of design software for educational. Threephase induction motor showing stator, rotor, and. There are two major components of an ac induction motor. The induction machines design handbook about the book. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide. The induction motor is the motor most commonly used in agriculture. The handbook of electric power calculationsprovides detailed stepbystep calculation procedures commonly encountered in electrical engineering.
The windings inside the rotor do not go straight but are skewered for the purpose of reducing electrical noise and vibration. Pdf induction motor design process and the effect of output. Pdf 3phase induction motors are widely used in industrial applications such as pumps, blowers. Squirrel cage wound rotor with slip rings the rotating magnetic field the basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. There are two basic reasons for the use of singlephase motors rather than 3phase motors. As its name indicates stator is a stationary part of induction motor. Induction motor totallyenclosed fancooled nema standard epact three phase induction motors sdesign versatility teco totally enclosed fan cooled squirrelcage induction motors are designed, manufactured and tested to meet or exceed the latest nema, ieee, csa and.
Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. Associate editor yeadon energy systems, inc yeadon engineering services, p. Mcgrawhill new york chicago san francisco lisbon london madrid mexico city milan new delhi san juan seoul singapore sydney toronto library of congress cataloginginpublication data handbook of small electric motors. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Induction motors despite the fact that the threephase motor has more phases than the singlephase motor, the singlephase motor is a much more complex machine. The theory used in the work was collected by studying literature on how electrical motors work, and by simplifying the. Grundfos motor book 24 grundfos motor book basic types of singlephase induction motors 2. Singlephase motors have only two power source supply lines connected.
The stator is supplied by a balanced 3phase ac power source. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. A decision aid tool approach article pdf available in international transactions on electrical energy systems march 2017 with 8,852. This motor handbook was created by infineon technologies ag together with. This free reference book covers all the basics you need to know about electric motors. Pdf design and manufacturing of a singlephase induction. Induction of labour is not recommended in women with an uncomplicated pregnancy at gestational age less than 41 weeks.
The handbook also discusses highefficiency motor speed characteristics, performance under partload conditions, and operation with an abnormal power supply. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. The first industrial motors of this type were constructed at the end of the nineteenth century and soon gained the favor of users who appreciated their raggedness, simplicity and relatively low manufacturing cost compared to dc commutator motors. Download the induction machines design handbook pdf. Threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. The induction design manual, 2nd edition meets this need, providing a comprehensive, updated and uptodate reference on single and threephase inductors in fixed and variable speed applications. Download the induction machines design handbook second. The stator consists of a series of wire windings of very low resistance permanently attached to the motor frame. Electric energy is generated with synchronous generators, except for the elastic, spread, power systems of the not too distant future, the induction system as a electrical generatormotor at variable. The induction machines design handbook, second edition satisfies this need, providing a comprehensive, selfcontained, and uptodate reference on single and threephase induction machines in constant and variable speed applications. Be sure to read and understand the safety notice statements in this manual. The induction machine handbook 2002 by crc press llc theelectric electric power power engineering engineering serie. This energyefficient electric motor selection hand book handbook shows you how to assess energy savings and cost effectiveness when making motor purchase decisions.
An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Single phase motors resistance startinduction run motors rsir this motor type is also referred to as splitphase motors. Chapter 3 induction motor and different speed control methods page no 3. The induction machines design handbook second edition by ion boldea and syed a nasar pdf fficient production and application of electrical energy.